An Exegetical Revision of Calvinist and Arminian Belief Systems • Sonja Hanke
This thesis demonstrates biblically that in salvation, which is based on a peaceful relationship with the life-giving God of grace, human free choice and responsibility are not antithetical to God’s sovereignty with missiological applications. The Old Testament ancestor narratives capture this saving principle of shalom: Israelites at war with God are not his people (e.g., Kain, Ishmael, Esau), but individuals among Israelites and Gentiles who are at peace with God are his people (e.g., Noah, Abraham; Hos. 1:26; 2:23, quoted in Rom. 9:25-26). Romans 9 continues this principle of salvific shalom, distinguishing between the Israelites themselves (“not all the descendants of Israel are Israel”, 9:6), thus cutting off those who were never truly Israel (these are the non-elect) and including the Gentiles who are at peace with God (these are the elect), thus who have always been God’s sons/people, i.e., the true Israel.
The missiological application: the issue of salvation is not a question of binary thinking (Calvinism vs. Arminianism), but a question of ethnocentrism, grouping and exclusionary behaviour and legalism imposed on the members of the true people of God, i.e. the true Israel and the Church.
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